It is now clear that H 2O 2 functions as a signaling molecule which may respond to various stimuli in plant cells. To date, it has become accepted that H 2O 2 plays important roles in plant developmental and physiological processes including seed germination ( Barba-Espín et al., 2011), programmed cell death (PCD Cheng et al., 2015 Vavilala et al., 2015), senescence ( Liao et al., 2012b), flowering ( Liu et al., 2013), root system development ( Liao et al., 2009 Ma et al., 2014 Hernández-Barrera et al., 2015), stomatal aperture regulation ( Ge et al., 2015) and many others. H 2O 2 is continually synthesized through various sources including enzyme and non-enzyme pathways in plants. Hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2), a form of reactive oxygen species, is regarded as a common cellular metabolite. This review aims to introduce these evidences in our understanding of the crosstalk among H 2O 2, NO, and Ca 2+ signaling which regulates plant growth and development, and other cellular and physiological responses to abiotic stresses. There is quite a bit of interaction between H 2O 2 and Ca 2+ signaling in responses to several stimuli. Cellular responses to H 2O 2 and Ca 2+ signaling systems are complex. Moreover, close interaction also exists between H 2O 2 and Ca 2+ in response to development and abiotic stresses in plants. The interplay between H 2O 2 and NO has important functional implications to modulate transduction processes in plants. A wide range of evidences suggest that NO could be generated under similar stress conditions and with similar kinetics as H 2O 2. Both H 2O 2 and NO are involved in plant development and abiotic responses. Also, it is now clear that nitric oxide (NO) and calcium (Ca 2+) function as signaling molecules in plants. Normal metabolism in plant cells results in H 2O 2 generation, from a variety of sources. It has been considered as an important signaling molecule that mediates various physiological and biochemical processes in plants. Hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2), as a reactive oxygen species, is widely generated in many biological systems. Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
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